Evaluation of Vargas & Rāśi Dṛṣṭis
The Jyotish course continues with Chapter 7 and 8 of Bṛhad Parāśara Horā Śāstra, describing how to evaluate the sixteen Divisional Charts or Vargas, which divide the Rāśis or astrological signs into various sections for finer analysis of the astrological chart. Vargas are the third major pillar of the temple of Jyotish. This section also covers Chapter 8, Rāśi Dṛṣṭis.

Uses of the Vargas

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 1-8

1-8. Use of the 16 Divisions: "Now I will explain the use of these sixteen Vargas (Divisional Charts): The physique from Lagna, wealth from Horā, happiness through co-born from Drekkana, fortunes from Caturthāṁśa, sons and grandsons from Saptāṁśa, spouse from Navāṁśa, power (and position) from Daśāṁśa, parents from Dvādaṣāṁśa, benefits and adversities through conveyances from Ṣoḍaṣāṁśa, worship from Vimṣāṁśa, learning from Caturvimṣāṁśa, strength and weakness from Saptavimṣāṁśa, evil effects from Trimṣāṁśa, auspicious and inauspicious effects from Khavedāṁśa and all indications from both Akshavedāṅś and Ṣaṣṭiāṁśa: these are the considerations to be made through the respective Vargas. The Bhava, whose Lord is in a malefic Ṣaṣṭiāṁśa, will diminish; so say Garga and others. The Bhava whose Lord is in a benefic Ṣoḍaṣāṁśa will flourish. This is how the 16 Vargas are to be evaluated."
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Strengths of the Grahas

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 9-12

9-12. After assessing the 20 point strength of the ascending degree, of other Bhavas and of the Graha, the good and bad effects be declared. I explain below the method of knowing the Vimsopak strength (20 point strength), just by knowing which an idea of the results of actions of this birth and of former birth will clearly emerge. The Grahas from Sūrya on get full strength when in exaltation or in own Rāśi, and are bereft of strength when in the 7th (from exaltation). In between, the strength can be known by the rule of three process. In the case of a Graha owning two Rāśis, distinction of placement in odd/even Rāśi identical with own Rāśi be made.
 
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Horā, Drekkana and Trimṣāṁśa Effects

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 13-16

13-16. Horā, Drekkana and Trimṣāṁśa Effects: Guru, Sūrya and Maṅgal give (pronounced) effects in the Horā of Sūrya. Candra, Śukra and Śani do so when in Candra's Horās; Budha is effective in both the Horās. In the case of an even Rāśi, the Horā of Candra will be powerful in effects, while Sūrya's Horā in an odd Rāśi will be so. Full, medium and nil will be the effects in the beginning, middle and the end of a Horā, respectively. Similar applications be made for a Drekkana, Turyāṅś, Navāṁśa etc. As for Trimṣāṁśa effects, Sūrya is akin to Maṅgal and Candra is akin to Śukra. The effects applicable to Rāśi also apply to Trimṣāṁśa.
 
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Vimṣopak Bāla

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 17-19

17-19. Vimṣopak Bāla: The Ṣad-Varga consists of Rāśi, Horā, Drekkana, Navāṁśa, Dvādaṣāṁśa and Trimṣāṁśa. The full Bāla for each of the divisions, respectively, are 6, 2, 4, 5, 2 and 1. This is the Vimṣopak Bāla, relating to Ṣad-Varga division. Adding the Saptāṁśa to the Ṣad-Varga, we get Sapta-Varga, the Vimṣopak Bāla for which is 5, 2, 3, 2½ , 4½ , 2 and 1. These are gross strengths, while subtle ones should be understood by exact positions.
 
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Daśā-Varga Vimṣopak Bāla

BPHS Chapter 7 Sloka 20

20. Add Daśāṁśa, Ṣoḍaṣāṁśa and Ṣaṣṭiāṁśa to the said Sapta-Varga Divisions to get the scheme of Daśā-Varga. The Vimṣopak Bāla in this context is 3 for Rāśi, 5 for Ṣaṣṭiāṁśa and 1 ½ each for the other 8 divisions.
 
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Ṣoḍaṣā-Varga Vimṣopak

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 21-25

21-25. When the 16 divisions (Ṣoḍaṣā-Varga scheme) are considered together, the Vimṣopak score goes thus: Horā 1, Trimsāṅś 1, Drekkana 1, Ṣoḍaṣāṁśa 2, Navāṁśa 3, Rāśi 3 ½ , Ṣaṣṭiāṁśa 4 and the rest of the nine divisions each a half. The Vimṣopak Bāla remains as 20 only when the Graha is in own Bhava Vargas. Otherwise, the total strength from 20 declines to 18 in Pramudit Vargas, to 15 in Shant Vargas, to 10 in Svasth divisions, to 7 in Duhkhit Vargas and to 5 in Khal Vargas. These figures are called Varga Vishwa.
 
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Proportional Vimṣopak Evaluation

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 26-27

26-27. Proportional Vimṣopak Evaluation: Multiply the figure due to full strength for the division by the Varga Vishwa and divide by 20 to get the exact strength of the Graha. If the total is below 5, the Graha will not be capable of giving auspicious results. If it is above 5, but below 10, the Graha will yield some good effects. Later on up to 15 it is indicative of mediocre effect. A Graha with above 15 will yield wholly favorable effects.
 
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Other Sources of Strength

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 28-29

28-29. Other Sources of Strength: Maitreya, there are other kinds of sources, as I explain below. A Graha in the 7th from Sūrya will be fully effective. One with identical longitude to Sūrya's will destroy the good effects. Rule of three process be applied to the Graha in between these positions.

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Effects of Vimṣopak Bāla on Daśā

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 30-32

30-32. Effects of Vimṣopak Bāla on Daśā: Maitreya, after assessing the Vimṣopak Bāla through the various divisions, the rising and setting of the Graha should be considered. The Vimṣopak Bāla is classified under Purna, AtiPurna, Madhya, AtiMadhya, Heen, AtiHeen, Swalpa and AtiSwalpa. Thus should be classified the Vimṣopak Bāla and the Daśā period results declared accordingly.
 
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Kendras, Konas etc. Defined

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 33-36

33-36. Kendras, Konas etc. defined: O Maitreya, listen to other matters, which I am explaining. The Kendras are specially known as Lagna (the ascendent), Bandhu Bhava (nadir), Yuvati Bhava (the descendant) and Karma Bhava (mid-heaven). Dhana, Putra, Randhra and Labha Bhava are Panapharas (succedents), while Sahaja, Ari, Dharma and Vyaya Bhava are called Apoklimas (cadents). Putra and Dharma Bhava are known by the name Kona (or trine). Evil or Duṣṭāna Bhavas are Ari, Randhra and Vyaya Bhava. Caturasras are Bandhu and Randhra Bhava. Sahaja, Ari, Karma and Labha Bhava are Upacaya Bhavas.
 
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Indications from Bhavas

BPHS Chapter 7 Slokas 39-43

39-43. Indications from Bhavas: Dharma Bhava and the 9th from Sūrya deal with one's father. Whatever effects are to be known from the Karma and Labha Bhava, be also known from similar Bhavas, counted from Sūrya. Whatever results are to be known from Bandhu, Tanu, Dhana, Labha and Dharma should also be known from the 4th of Candra, from Karkaṭa Rāśi itself and from the 2nd, 11th and 9th from Candra, respectively. Whatever has to be known through Sahaja Bhava, be also analyzed through the 3rd from Maṅgal.
 
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Rāśi Dṛṣṭis

BPHS Chapter 8 Slokas 1-3

1-3. Rāśi Dṛṣṭis: O Maitreya, now detailed are the Dṛṣṭis emanating from the Rāśi Meṣa etc. Every Movable Rāśi Dṛṣṭis the 3 Fixed Rāśis, leaving the Fixed Rāśi adjacent to it. Every Fixed Rāśi gives Dṛṣṭi to the 3 Movable Rāśis, barring the adjacent Movable Rāśi. And a Common (Dual) Rāśi gives a Dṛṣṭi to the other three Common Rāśis. The Graha in a Rāśi gives the same Dṛṣṭi, as the Rāśi (in which the Graha is) does.
 
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Graha Dṛṣṭis

BPHS Chapter 8 Slokas 4-5

4-5. Graha Dṛṣṭis: A Graha in a Movable Rāśi gives a Dṛṣṭi to the other 3 Fixed Rāśis, leaving the Fixed Rāśi next to it. A Graha in a Fixed Rāśi does not give a Dṛṣṭi to the next Movable Rāśi, but the remaining 3 Movable Rāśis. The one in a Common (Dual) Rāśi gives a Dṛṣṭi to the remaining 3 Common Rāśis. Simultaneously a Graha in the Rāśi, that receives a Dṛṣṭi, is also subjected to the Dṛṣṭi concerned.
 
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Dṛṣṭi Diagram

BPHS Chapter 8 Slokas 6-9

6-9. Diagram of Dṛṣṭis: As depicted by Lord Brahmā, I now narrate the diagram of Dṛṣṭis, so that Dṛṣṭis are easily understood by a mere sight of the diagram. Draw a square, or a circle marking the 8 directions (4 corners and 4 quarters thereof). Mark the zodiacal Rāśis, as under: Meṣa and Vṛṣabha in East, Mithuna in the North-East, Karkaṭa and Siṁha in the North, Kanyā in the North-West, Tula and Vṛścika in the West, Dhanuḥ in the South-West, Makara and Kumbha in the South and Mīna in the South-East.
 
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